Analysis of EU Artificial Intelligence Policy

Abstract

In the race for leadership in emerging technologies typified by artificial intelligence (AI), the European Union (EU) stands out as one of the pioneering regional cooperation organizations to embark on AI safety governance[1].With digital technologies becoming increasingly politicized and securitized, the dynamics of competition and cooperation in the digital sphere are more and more shaped by security considerations. Consequently, the EU's emphasis on digital security governance has progressively pivoted from data protection towards the establishment of digital sovereignty[2]. Amidst the evolution of AI policies from soft law to hard law, the EU is poised to reassert the Brussels effect, enhancing the application of digital security governance in AI and other realms, fostering the creation of a more cohesive policy framework and maximizing the realization of the European digital single market strategy. Against this backdrop, China should ground in its own realities, adopt a dialectical approach to appraising the merits and demerits of the EU's AI legislation, assimilating the valuable insights, and prudently deliberating on the trajectory for China's future AI governance.